You fit get HIV from one time?

One time fit do am, but most times e no dey do am

Dem dey measure HIV risk for each act. Di figures wey dey below na average from big studies. Dem no mean say you get some number of “free” times: HIV fit pass di first time, or e no go pass at all even afta many acts. But for any one act, di chance small.

Risk from one act wit partner wey get HIV

Dis estimates dey assume say di oda person get HIV and e no dey take treatment wey dey work, and say nobody use condom, PrEP or PEP:

• Receptive anal sex (bottom, di person wey dem enter): 1.4% (around 1 out of 72)
• Insertive anal sex (top, di person wey dey enter): 0.11% (around 1 out of 910)
• Receptive vaginal sex: 0.08% (around 1 out of 1,200)
• Insertive vaginal sex: 0.04% (around 1 out of 2,500)
• Oral sex (to use mouth for private part): 0.01% (around 1 out of 10,000)
• To share needle to inject drug: 0.63% (around 1 out of 160)
• Needle jam (needlestick): 0.23% (around 1 out of 430)

Receptive anal sex and to share needle get di highest risk. Oral sex get very small risk. Kiss, hug and to share food or drink no get any risk, becos HIV no dey pass through saliva, sweat or tears. See how HIV no dey pass.

Wen you no know im status

Most one-time sex na wit person wey you no know im HIV status. For dat case, your risk depend on two tins: di chance say dat person get HIV, and how risky di act be. Becos most pipo no get HIV, di result dey usually low well-well pass di figures wey dey up.

Dis na di estimate for man wey do vaginal sex one time, without condom, wit woman wey e no know her status, for different countries:

For woman wey do vaginal sex wit man wey she no know im status, di estimate na 0.00014% (around 1 out of 730,000) for United States and 0.0023% (around 1 out of 44,000) for South Africa. For man wey be bottom wit man wey e no know im status for United States, e be 0.05% (around 1 out of 2,000). Dat one high pass becos HIV dey more common among men wey dey sleep wit men.

Wetin dey make one time get more risk

• Partner wey just get infection. Viral load (how much HIV dey di blood) dey highest for di first weeks, many times before di person self know. Di calculator dey raise di estimate 10 times for dis one.
• Anoda STI. STI (sexually transmitted infection, wey be infection wey dey pass through sex) sores and swelling dey make am easy for HIV to enter. Di calculator dey multiply di estimate by 2.
• If man release inside you. If male partner no release (ejaculate) inside you, di calculator dey reduce di estimate by 50%.

Wetin dey bring am down, sometimes reach zero

• Treatment. Partner wey get HIV and im viral load dey undetectable (di HIV for blood don low reach where test no fit see am) all di time no dey pass HIV through sex. Dat na U=U.
• Condoms. Dem dey give about 80% protection for real life use. If condom fail, see condom burst.
• PrEP. PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis: HIV medicine wey you dey take before any exposure to protect yourself) na medicine wey pipo wey no get HIV dey take to prevent am. If you take am di way dem prescribe, e dey reduce di risk from sex by about 99% for anal sex and about 90% for vaginal sex.
• PEP. If you start am within 72 hours, e fit stop di infection before e hold body.

Wetin to do now

1. If e neva pass 72 hours, and your partner get HIV or you no know im status, go for PEP. No wait for symptoms or test. You go take PEP every day for 28 days.
2. If e don pass 72 hours, dem no dey recommend PEP again. Focus on to do test for di correct time.
3. Do test afta di window period (di time afta infection wen test neva fit show HIV). Lab antigen/antibody test (blood wey dem draw from vein) fit detect HIV from 18 days, and negative result don be final from 45 days. NAT (nucleic acid test, wey dey look for di virus itself) fit detect HIV from 10 days. If you take PEP, expect follow-up tests about 4 to 6 weeks and 12 weeks afta di exposure. Our guide on how accurate test be week by week get di details.
4. Take care of yourself as you dey wait. Fear dey catch plenti pipo afta one-time sex, and di numbers dey usually give hope. Our page on HIV anxiety fit help you.