Wetin HIV need before e fit spread

HIV fit only pass from one person to anoda person through some body fluids: blood, semen (sperm) and di water wey dey comot before sperm, fluid from nyash (anus), fluid from vagina, and breast milk. Before infection fit happen, one of dis fluids from person wey get HIV must enter di body. E fit enter through mucous membrane (di thin soft skin wey dey inside vagina, nyash, penis or mouth), through body part wey don injure, or through injection wey go straight inside blood.

CDC tok am simple: you no fit get HIV or pass am give anybody through tins wey you dey do wey no involve contact wit dis body fluids. HIV no dey also survive long outside di body, and e no fit multiply outside human body.

Dat one mean say almost everytin wey we dey do every day no get risk.

Tins wey no get any risk

You no fit get HIV from:

  • Hugging, to shake hand or to touch person. Skin wey no get cut or wound na strong barrier. Even blood wey touch skin wey no get cut no fit let HIV enter.
  • Kiss wey mouth close. CDC tok say you no fit pass HIV dis way.
  • Saliva, sweat or tears. HIV no dey pass through saliva, and sweat and tears no dey carry am too.
  • To share food, drinks, cup, spoon or fork.
  • Toilet seat, towel, bedsheet or door handle.
  • Mosquito, tick or oda insects. Insects no dey carry HIV from one person go anoda person.
  • Cough, sneeze or to breathe di same air. HIV no dey spread through air or water.
  • To live wit, work wit or take care of person wey get HIV for di normal everyday way.

Lies wey dey worry pipo

“Wetin if I touch small blood?” If your skin no get cut, risk no dey. If blood enter fresh cut, your eye or your mouth, dat one na different matter. See blood for your eye, mouth or cut.

“You fit get HIV if person bite you or spit on you?” CDC rate di risk from biting and spitting say e too small to count, and e tok say no chance of HIV from spitting. Bite fit only matter for rare cases wey e tear di skin and blood dey involved. Read more about kissing, biting and spitting.

“Wetin about needle wey I see for street?” Needle wey pipo throw away no be di same as everyday contact. Di real chance of infection small, but e good make you get advice di same day. See needle jam (needlestick) injuries.

“HIV fit live for seat or towel?” HIV no dey survive long for surface, and to touch surface no dey put anytin inside your blood. Read more about how long HIV fit survive outside di body.

Wetin really get risk

To compare, di exposures (wen HIV fit don enter your body) wey fit pass HIV involve sex or blood. If partner get HIV and e no dey take treatment wey dey work, CDC estimate di risk of one time receptive anal sex (di person wey dem enter) as 1.4% (around 1 out of 72), and di risk to share needle as 0.63% (around 1 out of 160). Oral sex (to use mouth for private part) low well well: CDC rate am as low, and di calculator dey use about 0.01% (around 1 out of 10,000).

Di risk from sex fit drop reach zero. Person wey get HIV and dey keep im viral load (how much HIV dey di blood) undetectable (di HIV for blood don low reach where test no fit see am) wit treatment no dey pass HIV through sex (U=U). PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis: HIV medicine wey you dey take before any exposure to protect yourself), condom and PEP (post-exposure prophylaxis: HIV medicine wey you go take afta exposure to stop di virus) all dey reduce di risk too. Di guide wey dey explain HIV risk show how all di numbers take join togeda.

Wetin to do now

If wetin happen to you dey inside di list of tins wey no get risk for up, you no need PEP and you no need test because of am. E normal to still dey worry afta you don fear, and if di worry no wan settle, HIV anxiety get practical ways to cope.

If anoda tin happen too, like sex without condom or cut from needle wey pipo don use, look dat exposure by itself. If e happen for di last 72 hours, ask for PEP today; e dey work best wen you start am within 24 hours. How you fit get PEP

CDC recommend say everybody wey dey between 13 to 64 years suppose do HIV test at least one time. Normal routine test na simple way to make your mind rest. See di guide for HIV test.